Dinitrogen tetroxide dissociates into nitrogen dioxide: N2O4(g)⇌2NO2(g). A chemist seals 0.500 mol of N2O4 in a flask of volume 2.00 dm3 and holds it at a constant temperature. At equilibrium the flask contains 0.140 mol of NO2.
(a)
Calculate the amount, in moles, of N2O4 in the equilibrium mixture.
[1 mark]
(b)
Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant Kc at this temperature and give its units.
[3 marks]
(c)
The total pressure is increased at the same temperature. State and explain what happens to the amount of NO2 at equilibrium.
[2 marks]
(d)
The forward reaction is endothermic. State and explain the effect of raising the temperature on the value of Kc.
[2 marks]
5 marksCore chemistry3.1.6.2
A student mixes 1.00 mol of ethanoic acid with 1.00 mol of ethanol and a few drops of acid catalyst, and leaves the mixture to reach equilibrium: CH3COOH(l)+C2H5OH(l)⇌CH3COOC2H5(l)+H2O(l). At equilibrium the mixture contains 0.667 mol of ethyl ethanoate.
(a)
Deduce the equilibrium amounts of ethanoic acid, ethanol and water.
[1 mark]
(b)
Calculate the value of Kc.
[2 marks]
(c)
Explain why the student does not need the total volume of the mixture, and why Kc has no units here.
[2 marks]
3 marksUnfamiliar context3.1.6.2
Hydrogen and iodine react in a sealed flask: H2(g)+I2(g)⇌2HI(g). At the temperature used, Kc=49.0. The flask initially contains 1.00 mol of H2 and 1.00 mol of I2.
Calculate the amount of HI at equilibrium.
[3 marks]
3 marksCore chemistry3.1.6.2
Sulfur trioxide forms in the equilibrium 2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g).
(a)
Write an expression for Kc.
[1 mark]
(b)
What are the units of Kc for this equilibrium?
[1 mark]
(c)
State the effect on the value of Kc of increasing the pressure at constant temperature.
[1 mark]
4 marksUnfamiliar context3.1.6.2
Iron(III) ions and thiocyanate ions form a deep red complex: Fe3+(aq)+SCN−(aq)⇌FeSCN2+(aq). A student mixes 10.0 cm3 of 0.0020 moldm−3Fe3+ with 10.0 cm3 of 0.0020 moldm−3SCN−. A colorimeter shows that at equilibrium [FeSCN2+]=3.0×10−4moldm−3.
(a)
Calculate the concentration of Fe3+ immediately after mixing, before any reaction.