IB Physics

The physics syllabus: SL and HL, theme by theme

Five themes and 24 topics. Five topics are for HL students only and seven more go further at HL; HL has 180 hours of syllabus content against 110 at SL.

Your level
Weeks before your first physics paper
Hours a week for physics
Theme A: Space, time and motion 27 h
Theme B: The particulate nature of matter 24 h
Theme C: Wave behaviour 17 h
Theme D: Fields 19 h
Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics 23 h

26 weeks at SL, 104 hours in all

Start with Theme A

Space, time and motion: 23.6 of your hours. It is 27 of the 110 hours of SL syllabus content, 25%.

Hours per theme
ThemeYour hoursShare of the syllabus
Theme A: Space, time and motion23.625%
Theme B: The particulate nature of matter20.922%
Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics20.121%
Theme D: Fields16.617%
Theme C: Wave behaviour14.815%

Week by week

  1. Week 1Theme A: Space, time and motion
  2. Week 2Theme A: Space, time and motion
  3. Week 3Theme A: Space, time and motion
  4. Week 4Theme A: Space, time and motion
  5. Week 5Theme A: Space, time and motion
  6. Week 6Theme A: Space, time and motion, Theme B: The particulate nature of matter
  7. Week 7Theme B: The particulate nature of matter
  8. Week 8Theme B: The particulate nature of matter
  9. Week 9Theme B: The particulate nature of matter
  10. Week 10Theme B: The particulate nature of matter
  11. Week 11Theme B: The particulate nature of matter
  12. Week 12Theme B: The particulate nature of matter, Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics
  13. Week 13Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics
  14. Week 14Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics
  15. Week 15Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics
  16. Week 16Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics
  17. Week 17Theme E: Nuclear and quantum physics, Theme D: Fields
  18. Week 18Theme D: Fields
  19. Week 19Theme D: Fields
  20. Week 20Theme D: Fields
  21. Week 21Theme D: Fields, Theme C: Wave behaviour
  22. Week 22Theme C: Wave behaviour
  23. Week 23Theme C: Wave behaviour
  24. Week 24Theme C: Wave behaviour
  25. Week 25Timed SL Paper 1 practice, then review every miss
  26. Week 26Timed SL Paper 1 practice, then review every miss

Check your themes with the free test

Paper 1Paper 1A multiple choice and Paper 1B data-based questions: 1.5 hours at SL, 2 hours at HL, 36%
Paper 2Short-answer and extended-response questions: 1.5 hours at SL, 2.5 hours at HL, 44%
Scientific investigationYour own investigation, a report of at most 3,000 words: 20%
Teaching hours150 at SL and 240 at HL, as for every Diploma subject

The five themes

  • A Space, time and motion: kinematics; forces and momentum; work, energy and power; rigid body mechanics (HL); Galilean and special relativity (HL). 27 hours at SL, 42 at HL.
  • B The particulate nature of matter: thermal energy transfers; the greenhouse effect; gas laws; thermodynamics (HL); current and circuits. 24 hours at SL, 32 at HL.
  • C Wave behaviour: simple harmonic motion; the wave model; wave phenomena; standing waves and resonance; the Doppler effect. 17 hours at SL, 29 at HL.
  • D Fields: gravitational fields; electric and magnetic fields; motion in electromagnetic fields; induction (HL). 19 hours at SL, 38 at HL.
  • E Nuclear and quantum physics: the structure of the atom; quantum physics (HL); radioactive decay; fission; fusion and stars. 23 hours at SL, 39 at HL.

What HL adds

Five topics are taught only at HL: rigid body mechanics, Galilean and special relativity, thermodynamics, induction and quantum physics. Seven topics are taught to everyone with extra content at HL: simple harmonic motion, wave phenomena, the Doppler effect, gravitational fields, electric and magnetic fields, the structure of the atom and radioactive decay.

Fields gains the most: 38 hours at HL against 19 at SL. Every theme is examined on both papers at both levels.

The practical side

The experimental programme is 40 hours at SL and 60 at HL: practical work, the collaborative sciences project (10 hours) and the scientific investigation (10 hours). Three concepts run through every theme: forces, energy and particles.

Plan your hours by theme

The planner above splits your revision across the five themes by their teaching hours at your level and how sure you feel of each, then lays it out week by week, keeping the last weeks for timed Paper 1 practice.

Try 2 questions

Question 1
A box of mass m rests without moving on a rough slope at angle θ to the horizontal. The coefficient of static friction is μₛ. What is the size of the frictional force on the box?
Question 2
The graph shows how the gravitational field strength g outside a planet of radius R varies with the distance r from its centre, from r = R to r = 2R. What is g at r = 4R?

Next step

The IB's Diploma Programme physics page, with the subject brief

Questions people ask

What is the difference between IB Physics SL and HL?

HL covers 180 hours of syllabus content against 110 at SL: five extra topics (rigid body mechanics, relativity, thermodynamics, induction and quantum physics) and more depth in seven others. HL papers are longer: Paper 1 is 2 hours against 1.5, and Paper 2 is 2.5 hours against 1.5.

How many themes are in IB Physics?

Five: A Space, time and motion; B The particulate nature of matter; C Wave behaviour; D Fields; E Nuclear and quantum physics, with 24 topics between them.

When was the current physics syllabus first examined?

In 2025. The IB lists its first teaching as August or September 2023.

Are there options in IB Physics?

The current course is the five themes for every student, with the HL topics added at HL.